Pre-rotation multiple-choice examination

Before we begin, we would like to collect some basic information about you. The following questions will help us better understand you and your background and will not be shared with identifying information. What is your discipline?

Please describe your level of prior training or past training experiences (POCUS rotation, Echo rotation, self-taught, no past experience, fellowship, etc).

A learner remarks that the RV looks “large” on this apical 4-chamber. What is the major limitation to this clip?

Why does there appear to be regions of absence of colour flow Doppler signal/flow in this clip of the aorta?

How would you categorize this LV in terms of function?

How would you describe the differences in gain between these two clips?

Which factors may precipitate the demonstrated level of LV function, as shown below? (Select all that apply)

Which statement best characterizes the cardiac output in this setting with the clip shown?

Is this parasternal short axis view adequate for point-of-care LV ejection fraction assessment (with other views)?

Please select the key pathology demonstrated on this slide?

What type of structure is shown in the far field (in the yellow box)?

You are wondering if a patient has pericardial tamponade. This image below is one of the key findings. How does this impact your overall assessment?

What is the impact of this wall motion abnormality on the LV ejection fraction?

How would you characterize the RV systolic function in this clip?

What anatomical finding is identified on this clip by the green arrow?

Based on this clip, what is the echocardiographic finding and underlying pathology?

How quickly did this effusion accumulate, assuming this patient is *not in tamponade?

Which of the following features most strongly identifies the inferior vena cava?

How would you grossly quantify this LV ejection fraction?

You just inserted a central line in the left internal jugular vein. Your lung ultrasound produces the image below, which is similar across the chest (bilateral). What would you conclude based on your findings?

Letter C on this clip represents what sonographic finding and underlying principle?

You perform a basic critical care echo for a colleagues patient and believe you may have discovered a valve lesion (e.g. endocarditis)? What are your next steps?

A chest x-ray is read as left-sided basal consolidation in a 64 yo female. You apply an ultrasound probe to the left mid-axillary line and yield the following clip. How would you characterize your findings?

A chest x-ray is read as right-sided moderate effusion in a 54 yo male with acute respiratory failure. You apply an ultrasound probe to the right mid-axillary line and yield the following clip. How would you characterize your findings?

You are considering performing a right-sided therapeutic thoracentesis on a hypoxemic 50 yo male liver-transplant patient. You perform a thoracic ultrasound to assess prior. Please select the most notable findings and next steps?

You are assessing a 50 year old male for a right sided effusion. You acquire an image at the right costal margin. Please select the sonographic finding(s) that best fit with the clip?

A 62 year old male was involved in a high speed MVC and sustained blunt abdominal trauma. The patient is unstable and you have been requested to come to the trauma bay for assistance. As you walk in they are examining the RUQ with eFAST. Please select the option that best describes the image below?

You are considering performing a paracentesis on a cirrhotic patient. You begin by examine the RLQ for site selection. How would this clip impact your site selection if you were to do the procedure where the probe is placed?

You are considering performing a paracentesis on a patient with abdominal compartment syndrome. You have used traditional external landmarking to prevent hitting the inferior epigastric artery. How would this clip impact your site selection if you were to do the procedure where the probe is placed (LLQ)?

How would you describe the echogenicity of the area highlighted area (yellow arrow) and what structure is it?

You are setting up to perform a right internal jugular (IJ) central venous catheter (CVC) insertion. You compress the vessel and record the following clip. How would you proceed?

You are attempting to cannulate the internal jugular vein for in section of central venues catheter. What critical technique is required to track the needle tip?